What is Biodiversity

Biodiversity” is commonly defined as the variations and availability of all forms of life, from genes to species, through the widest level of eco systems. Biodiversity can have different interpretations and it is mostly used to replace the comprehensively defined terms defined such as species and their richness, Biologists mostly explains biodiversity as the “completeness of species, and ecosystems of a region”.

Three levels of biodiversity and species diversity can be identified by the above definition.

1. Ecosystem diversity

2. Genetic diversity

3. Species diversity

What exactly bio diversity is? 

Biodiversity is the species variety and their genetic relationships and combinations with the natural communities in which they are found. The word ecosystem is described as a group of living organisms combined with their linked environment. It is the system that is used in our homes where we live so it is also known as “home system”” that helps life to exist. Ecosystems are the totally supported by nature and its resources which helps life in providing different kinds of valuable services. Wetland ecosystems filter out toxins, clean the water, and control floods. Forest ecosystems supply fresh water, provide oxygen, control erosion, and remove carbon from the atmosphere.

Many species which works together requires these services. The loss of biodiversity damages the nature’s ability to well perform functions required .greater number of fluctuations makes the ecosystems unstable and this Instability causes ecosystems to less useful in the extreme conditions and environments

Why biodiversity it is Important?

The word “biodiversity” might be not well known and easily understandable but the ecological services it provides are essential in daily life. There no single hour we goes without the biodiversity services The air we breathe is a product of photosynthesis by green plants .insects, worms, bacteria, and other tiny organisms break down wastes and aid in the decomposition of dead plants and animals to enrich soils. More than 90 percent of the calories consumed by people worldwide are produced from 80 plant species.

Ecological diversity 

Refers to the sum of the different types of environment or Ecosystem present in a region or the habitat which is the sum total of the climate, vegetation and geography of a region. Ecosystem is a group of the biospheres in which there is an many relationships and interaction lie nonliving and living facts and figures for maintaining the consecutive flow of energy and power. Some examples are Grass land, wet land, desert, aquatic ecosystem etc.

Species diversity: 

It is very difficult to estimate the different species in a given area. Most of the species are found near the equator and a few at the poles.

Genetic Diversity:

May be defined as variation in genes with a particular species. It can be referred as the variation. In the genetic diversity the vital role is performed by the sexual reproduction. The species wit greater genetic diversity will be adaptable to environment in the better way.

Benefits of Biodiversity

Benefits of biodiversity are categorized

BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES which includes the food for human and animal, provide the medicine and wood products. Resources for future and population reservoirs.

ECOSYSTEM SERVICE includes protection of water resources, soil, and formation of soil contribution to climate stability pollution breakdown.

SOCIAL BENEFITS includes research, education and monitoring.

Problems arising as a result of large dams are:

•  Social problems as it displace large number of people without adequate rehabilitation.
•  Economic problems as lot of public money are utilized without proper benefits.
•  Environmental problems as it leads to deforestation a Dam lead to alterations in temperature and flow in the river downstream from the dam.
•  Loss of flowing water habitat and replacement with standing water (reservoir) habitat.
•  Interruption of animal movements along the course of the river.
•  Interruption of genetic exchange among populations inhabiting the river course.